As a landlord, ensuring the safety of your tenants is not only a moral duty but also a legal obligation. Fire doors play a critical role in protecting lives and property; therefore, understanding your responsibilities regarding fire doors is essential to maintaining compliance with the law. Here’s what every landlord needs to know about fire door responsibilities.

What is a fire door?

A fire door acts as a vital safety device in the event of a fire by delaying the spread of both flames and smoke. This gives tenants critical time to get to safety, while also minimising the damage caused to the property.
Fire doors are an integral part of a building’s passive fire protection system and are essential in communal areas and any space where a fire could pose a significant risk. Certified fire doors must be rigorously tested and supported by a safety performance certificate to prove that they have been tested in accordance with British standards.

Who is responsible for fire doors?

While the landlord is responsible for the fire doors in the property, it’s wise to talk to your tenants about the rules regarding fire safety in rental properties. You could also provide them with a handbook which details the rules they will need to follow while living in the property.
For example, propping open a fire door is against the law due to the risk it poses to the tenants and others.

Fire door legislation

In the UK, fire safety regulations are primarily governed by two key pieces of legislation: the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 and the Housing Act 2004. The Fire Safety Order applies to all non-domestic premises, including common areas of residential buildings such as blocks of flats or houses in multiple occupation (HMOs). Under this legislation, landlords must carry out regular fire risk assessments, identify fire hazards, and take steps to reduce risks, including installing and maintaining fire doors.

Where should fire doors be installed:

Landlords are responsible for ensuring fire doors are installed in the following areas:

• HMOS and multi-occupancy buildings: Fire doors must be installed in all rooms that lead to communal areas, such as hallways and stairwells. This includes kitchens, living rooms, and bedrooms in HMOs.
• Flats: In blocks of flats, fire doors should be installed at the entrance to each flat and in any communal areas such as corridors and stairwells.
• New builds and renovations: Any new building or renovation must comply with current fire safety standards, including the installation of appropriate fire doors where required.

Maintenance and inspection

Fire doors must be regularly maintained and inspected to ensure they remain effective. Landlords should conduct or arrange for a professional fire risk assessment that includes checking the condition of fire doors. Key things to look for include:

• Door alignment: The door should close properly, without gaps that could allow smoke or fire to pass through.
• Intumescent seals: These seals expand in heat to block gaps around the door, and they should be intact and properly fitted.
• Hinges and closures: Check that all hinges are secure and that the door closer functions correctly, ensuring the door closes automatically.
• No modifications: Any holes, damage, or modifications can compromise the fire door’s integrity.